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pre 2 Roman occupation at Trentvale, kiln, fort, and ramparts.

£2.00

ByRichard Talbot

Little has been compiled regarding the local evidence of the Roman first century occupation at Trentvale with the exception of the discovery of a roman kiln found there in the 1930s. A replica has pride of place in Hanley museum. However, by chance the ramparts of the fort overlooking the entrance to the North Staffs conurbation at Hanford was discovered around sixty years ago and is detailed also in the article in addition of the discovery in 1912 of a cobbled pavement in the centre of Campbell Place twelve feet below the present surface above which was found twelve inches of silt by Charles Lynam. Mention is also made of a boulder channel discovered in Honeywall in 1909. Interesting research and illustrated.

Two printed pages x A4

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pre 1 Prehistoric evidence of Penkhull.

£3.00

ByRichard Talbot

In 1910 when the first historic find was unearthed in Penkhull whilst excavating for the new Garden Village enterprise in Penkhull – a Neolithic urn, probably for the use of potpourri placed inside a British Barrow. The second is a fine leaf-shaped arrowhead discovered in an area that would have been a forest surrounding the clearing of the village of Penkhull. The third is a stone axe-head. These are described fully along with photographs in this appraisal of our past and the early settlement of Penkhull c5000 years ago.

Three x A4 pages

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pop 6 The Potteries 1839 – A reflection of the period.

£4.00

This four-page article is reproduced from the Potteries Mercury of 1839. The writer commences with a gloomy view of his visit to the potteries with its slag heaps, air pollution, hovels and a general demise of the area. It then explains how he finds potteries people, dirty, downtrodden, no ambition where every day is a challenge with long hours and little pay.

The writer in one section describes his feeling: All this time imagine yourself marching beneath great clouds of smoke, and breathing various vapours of arsenic, muristic acid* sulphur, and spirits of tar, and you will have some taste and smell, as well as view, of the potteries; and, notwithstanding all which they are as healthy as any manufacturing district whatever.

The place is described further with large chapels that are scattered throughout the whole region and describes it as one of the strongholds of dissent and democracy. Nine-tenths of the population are dissenters. The towns have sprung up rapidly, and comparatively in a few years. In fact, and why it has been reproduced here as it is probably the most depressing but sad to say a factual essay of the potteries. It is certainly worthy of a read and an assessment and a most valuable piece of social and economic writing to stimulate, thoughts, discussion and perhaps on how the city now appears in comparison to that of 1839. *getting rid of mould and rust from a variety of surfaces including brick, concrete and stone and swimming pools.

Four x A4 pages

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pop 5 The Changing Nature of Population – a study.

£7.00

ByRichard Talbot

At twenty-nine pages this is one of the largest studies undertaken and comprises of every aspect of population, growth, occupations, age grouping within five different North Staffordshire areas. The hearth tax is listed with four years of records for comparisons listed against names so family changes can be noted. It commences with the importance of the first survey of the Manor of Newcastle under Lyme (available on this site), Muster Rolls and census returns whereby a complete comparative analysis is done in age groups, marriage over 16 years of age, births and deaths, places of birth and occupations listing all houses in census returns. Gregory King, the author of so many populations theories whereby summery is given on the population of Penkhull and other nearby villages in 1679. The research for this study is way above anything that has been done prior to this and will prove a huge influence for students on how to reflect and study the subject. It is also a tremendous help to those starting to study population trends and statistics or those who are keen to learn more of what can be achieved on this subject.

Twenty-nine pages

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pop 4 Stoke and Chell Workhouse Populations a study.

£6.00

ByRichard Talbot

This study studies the details of both Stoke and Chell workhouses from 1871-1901. It is a major piece of research listing not only the percentages of ages, family status, gender, occupation and place of birth. Each subject is supported by percentages to enable an immediate indication of the severity in both workhouses and the year covered making comparatives between the two possible. Surnames are listed first, then second names and their relationship with the head or other status such as lodger are given.

The objective of this study is to ascertain the causes, implications and consequences of each set of figures which presents a wide view of what was happening within the whole of the potteries. For example, a large number of inmates in workhouses is a compelling sign that the economy and employment levels the potteries are at a high and order books low, hence unemployed with no income at all therefore the poor had to seek poor relief or starve. But if the numbers resident in workhouses were lower at various times, the indication is that employment within the district is doing well.

There are various permutations to each category, each of which the author offers his knowledge in explaining as to why. A further important study and is a perfect contribution to social, economic research as well as that of expanding the technique of making accurate findings for debate and also family research.

Eleven x A4 pages

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pop 3 Causes of death 1839 Biddulph, Staffs.

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pop 1/e Fenton Culvert population 1701

£3.00

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pop 1/d Hanley Population 1701

£3.00

Hanley [population 1701

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pop 1/c Shelton population 1701

£3.00

Shelton Population 1701

Female 257 Male 243 Total500 Population 500 Families 108 average4.6

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pop 1/b Seabridge 1701 Parish Listing

£3.00

Seabridge Population

Female 38 Missing 1

Male 77 Females 19 Total population 77 average 4.1

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pop 1/a Clayton

£3.00

pop 1/a Clayton

Female 53 Male 52 Total 105 Population Families 26 average 4.0

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pop 1 Parish Listing for Stoke-upon-Trent 1701.

£3.00

The first census that recorded the name of people nation-wide, was in 1841. What is less known in that a very similar, but less known record of people in defined areas within district parishes was the Marriage Duty Act of 1695. This listing could well be as a direct result of this Act or maybe have been drawn up for other reasons.

There are numerous reasons why this parish listing was carried out, so as a result of idle curiosity, some in conjunction with the Compton Census of 1676 which objective was to prepare an estimate of the population whilst others drawn up to comply with the Marriage Duty Act on 1695, and still others were compiled by the demographer Gregory King of Lichfield.

Registration or Marriage Duty Act of 1695. Operated until 1706. This tax on parish register entries was levied for carrying on the war with France. It was on a sliding scale according to status, with a basic rate of 2/- for a christening, 2/6d for a marriage and 4/- for a burial. As the Parish was the only form of organisation at the time, the duty to comply was applied to parish churches. Every parish had to compile a list of each family listing all resident in the property including lodgers and also the status of the head and sometime the occupation. The form was to list every person from the head of the family down including their status, gent, widow etc. In many ways it is not dissimilar from the early census returns without the occupation. There were no addresses listed as at such an early date they were not yet part of the structure of society. This accurate record covers the town of Stoke, Boothen, Penkhull, Clayton, Seabridge, Shelton, Hanley and Shelton. It is almost certain that the listing was compiled by or on behalf of Thomas Allen, who was the rector of Stoke-upon-Trent from 1697 to 1732

This is an incredible asset to any generalist researching these district as it supersedes the census return of 1841 by 140 years.

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sick

por 18 Treatment of the sick in the Parish Hospital 1858.

£2.00

ByRichard Talbot

Few if any historians have approached this subject on the basis that few workhouses had little provision for the sick. At Stoke upon Trent workhouse as early as 1842 provision was made both for inmates but also for the parish community outside as no other facility had yet been provided. The Stoke upon Trent Hospital was erected in a central position with the workhouse and the building still remains as listed by English Heritage.

The study starts from the first thoughts of providing this facility, the number and descriptions of rooms and wards. Focus is made on one report that has survived and stored in the National Archives. It’s a complaint by someone in the community who wrote to the poor law in London to complain how he had been treated. Mention was made of his time in a lunatic ward, having to share a double bed with five other sick inmates – the list is endless and would make good reading for all who are keen to learn of the early years of medicine and the treatment of patients in workhouses.

two x A4 pages

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EastLondon Ind School c1909 brass band

por 16 Workhouse children – the move for Brass Bands.

£2.00

ByRichard Talbot

This is a section dedicated to the policy of training boys in the art of marching whilst playing an instrument. The boys at Stoke union were encouraged to learn as once trained have an opportunity to find good employment. The sections explores and quotes examples of training and once proficient presented brass band concerts across the area to the delight of the community and of cause the Governor. At times when the children were invited to visit Trentham Gardens by the Duchess of Sutherland, the band would lead the way playing their instruments. They also undertook band concerts or to perform at a special event. A most interesting study and set apart for the work to secure work for those incarcerated for no fault of their own but considered nationally the fault of their parents.

Two pages x A4

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Training 2

por 15 Workhouse – Industrial Training for children.

£5.00

ByRichard Talbot

For the young inmates in workhouses the guardians in many cases understood the need to train both genders in an occupation that could find them employment once leaving the workhouse at the age of sixteen. Why, because this was considered a means whereby once discharged, they could find work, and as a consequence not to become a permanent burden upon poor law. This section is a comprehensive study which includes many aspects of young people’s expectations. Girls were treated very differently than boys where the focus was upon domestic duties, washing, ironing and household accounts. Miss Rose Wedgwood provided training and accommodation for a number of girls to be trained in high quality servants work with the promise of employment in a gentleman’s residence. The North Staffs Ladies Association sent up a school at Shelton for the training of young girls.

Boys were trained in gardening and farming, shoe making, tailoring, learning to play a brass band instrument and drill ready for a good position in the services. All this was done by outside skilled people who were paid by the hour.

Nine x A4 pages

This original research is a compilation of hope for so many and in return once the young left did not become a burden on the poor law. This is a major piece of valuable study and a certain tool for those studying social and economic studies as well as those who are keen to explore what was done in the workhouse and to learn that all was not bad. A great reflection upon how children inmates were treated at the time, very differently that the adults.

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wetley

por 14 Wetley Rocks proposed site for a new larger workhouse.

£2.00

ByRichard Talbot

In 1832 the overseer of the poor prepared a report of several pages referring to the problems of the current workhouse then situated in the village of Penkhull and its over-crowding with no room for enlargement. His brief was to come up with some proposals for a new workhouse and suggested the area of Wetley Rocks, an area of some miles from Stoke and isolated. His conclusions on how the inmates would be treated and noting the vast amount of land which could be purchased for £10 per acre. It was here that he describes that there was sufficient land to make the workhouse self-sufficient. A tremendous document to read and the only one to have survived. A huge contribution to the social and economic period of the time in addition to the terrible treatment of paupers.

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